Caroline Fred (Mansfield) — Hopi Silversmith
Caroline Fred (Mansfield) began silverwork at Shungopavi in 1991, according to Margaret Nickelson Wright's Hopi Silver, a register of Hopi smiths and their hallmarks (Wright 2003, p. 104).
Bille Hougart's Native American and Southwestern Silver Hallmarks lists her as "Caroline Fred Mansfield (Hopi)," working in overlay and active since the 1990s (Hougart 2022, p. 205).
Her hallmark
Wright lists her mark among the initials marks (Wright 2003, pp. 104, 120). Hougart describes it as the letters C F, conjoined, with the F facing left below the C (Hougart 2022, p. 205).
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References
- Wright, Margaret Nickelson. Hopi Silver: The History and Hallmarks of Hopi Silversmithing. Revised edition. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2003.
- Hougart, Bille. Native American and Southwestern Silver Hallmarks: Silversmiths, Designers, Guilds and Traders. 5th edition. Washington, DC: BilleHougartBooks, 2022.
- Schaaf, Gregory, with Angie Yan Schaaf. American Indian Jewelry I: 1,200 Artist Biographies, ca. 1800-present. American Indian Art Series, Vol. 5. Santa Fe: CIAC Press, 2003. Cited by printed page. Statements describe conditions as of 2003.
From the Library: Schaaf, American Indian Jewelry I (2003)
2003 primary source. Anything described as current here describes 2003, not today.
Schaaf (2003) entered her as
“Caroline Fred (Caroline Mansfield), (hallmark - CF)”
— Schaaf (2003), p. 155 [3]
Schaaf (2003, p. 155) recorded Caroline Fred as a Hopi silver overlay jeweler at Shungopavi, active from 1991, the wife of Benjamin Mansfield, and named her father, Nathan Fred, Jr., and her brother Perry Fred as her teachers. [3]
This profile is maintained in support of Native American silversmiths and compiled from published references. See something inaccurate, or want to add to it? Contact us.